Nick Daniels | Jan 07 2026 16:00
Big Changes Are Coming to HVAC Systems in 2026
If you’re thinking about installing or upgrading an HVAC system, there’s an important regulatory shift you should be aware of. Beginning January 1, 2026, all newly installed residential and light commercial HVAC units must use low–global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants. This update is part of a nationwide effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions and modernize HVAC technology.
Here’s a clear breakdown of what’s changing and how you can prepare.
Why Refrigerants Are Being Updated
For years, commonly used refrigerants like R‑410A and R‑404A have been effective cooling agents—but they also have high global warming potential. This means they trap far more heat in the atmosphere than CO₂. Under the EPA’s Technology Transitions Rule, part of the AIM Act, the federal government is phasing out these higher‑impact refrigerants and replacing them with environmentally friendlier alternatives.
This initiative isn’t just for large buildings or industrial applications. These changes directly affect homeowners who may need to replace or install HVAC units in the coming years.
What Exactly Happens in 2026?
Starting in 2026, any newly installed HVAC system must use a low‑GWP refrigerant. This requirement builds on an earlier rule that took effect in 2025, which stopped manufacturers from producing equipment that uses older refrigerants. Installations of those units were allowed through 2025, but that transition period ends in 2026.
If you still have an older system, you don’t need to replace it right away. Existing HVAC systems can continue operating. However, finding parts and refrigerants for older models will gradually become more difficult and more expensive as manufacturers shift toward newer technology.
The Basics of A2L Refrigerants
Many of the refrigerants replacing R‑410A fall into a category known as A2L. These refrigerants offer similar performance while significantly reducing environmental impact.
“A2L” is a safety classification from ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air‑Conditioning Engineers). It indicates that the refrigerant has low toxicity and only mild flammability. Although the concept of flammability may sound concerning, A2L refrigerants are less flammable than many everyday substances found in your kitchen.
To support safe operation, HVAC systems using A2L refrigerants are built with additional safety features, including:
- Enhanced leak detection sensors
- Improved ventilation designs
- Components that meet updated building and fire safety requirements
How Will These Changes Affect Efficiency and Costs?
Switching to a low‑GWP system isn’t just about following new rules—it can also improve your long‑term energy costs. Newer refrigerants such as R‑454B and R‑32 have shown energy performance that meets or even exceeds older refrigerants. Manufacturers are also redesigning equipment to optimize efficiency.
While upfront installation costs may be slightly higher, these systems often deliver lower energy bills over their lifespan. And as parts for older equipment become phased out, maintaining legacy systems will likely get more expensive, making an upgrade a smart financial move.
Can You Retrofit an Older System?
Unfortunately, the answer is no. Retrofitting older HVAC units to use A2L refrigerants is not recommended or safe. Systems built for A1 refrigerants (like R‑410A) operate at different pressures, use incompatible lubricants, and do not meet the required safety standards for A2L refrigerants.
Attempting a retrofit may void warranties, violate building codes, and create safety risks. Replacing your unit with a system designed specifically for low‑GWP refrigerants is the safest and most compliant solution.
Other Key Compliance Changes You Should Know
The refrigerant transition isn’t the only update taking effect. The 2026 rules also strengthen leak detection and reporting requirements, especially for larger HVAC systems. For example:
- Units holding more than 1,500 pounds of refrigerant must have automatic leak detection systems.
- Leak repair thresholds are dropping—from 50 pounds to 15 pounds for many systems.
- Reclaimed refrigerants must contain no more than 15% virgin HFC content by weight.
Service providers and facilities will also need to document refrigerant use, repairs, and leak histories in greater detail. While many of these updates apply to commercial operations, homeowners with larger systems or multi‑unit setups may also need to pay closer attention to leak monitoring.
How Homeowners Can Prepare Now
If your HVAC system is over 10 years old or showing signs of reduced performance, now is a smart time to start exploring replacement options. Waiting too long could mean limited availability or higher costs as manufacturers fully transition to 2026‑compliant models.
When evaluating systems, work with an HVAC contractor trained and certified to install and service A2L‑compatible equipment. Ask about efficiency ratings, potential rebates or tax credits, and whether the model you're considering meets upcoming regulations.
Plan Ahead and Benefit Later
The switch to low‑GWP refrigerants is an important step toward reducing environmental impact—and it comes with advantages for homeowners who take action early. Planning ahead can help you avoid installation delays, secure better pricing, and enjoy improved energy efficiency for years to come.
If you're ready to explore new HVAC options or want advice on your current setup, schedule a consultation. Mention this blog post to receive 10% off your next service.
